一、实现原理

1、验证码的本质以及简单分解

image

2、用到的Java技术

  • servlet

3、步骤

  • 创建一个对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
  • 美化图片
    • 填充背景色
    • 画边框
    • 生成随机角标
    • 画干扰线
  • 将图片输出到页面展示

二、具体实现

  • 打开IDEA,新建一个Java_EE项目,选择Java_EE 7
    image

  • 在src目录下创建包和checkCodeServlet.java文件
    image

  • 在web目录下创建regist.html
    image

  • 复制如下代码到checkCodeServlet.java中

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    package com.allen.web.servlet;

    import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.util.Random;

    @WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
    public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    int width = 100;
    int height = 50;

    //1、创建一个对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
    BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    //2、美化图片
    //2.1、填充背景色
    Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//画笔对象
    g.setColor(Color.PINK);//设置画笔颜色
    g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);

    //2.2、画边框
    g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
    g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);

    String str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
    //生成随机角标
    Random random = new Random();
    for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
    int index = random.nextInt(str.length());
    //获取字符
    char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
    //2.3、写验证码
    g.drawString(ch+"",width/5*i,height/2);
    }

    //2.4、画干扰线
    g.setColor(Color.GREEN);

    //随机生成坐标点
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    int x1 = random.nextInt(width);
    int x2 = random.nextInt(width);

    int y1 = random.nextInt(height);
    int y2 = random.nextInt(height);
    g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
    }



    //3、将图片输出到页面展示
    ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    this.doPost(request,response);
    }
    }
  • 复制如下代码到regist.html中

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    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>

    <script>
    /**
    * 分析:
    * 点击超链接或者图片,需要换一张
    * 1、给超链接和图片绑定单击事件
    *
    * 2、重新设置图片的src属性值
    */
    window.onload = function () {
    //1、获取图片对象
    var img = document.getElementById("checkCode");
    img.onclick = function () {
    //加时间戳
    var date = new Date().getTime();

    img.src = "/day08/checkCodeServlet?" + date;
    }
    //2、获取超链接对象
    document.getElementById("change").onclick = function () {
    //加时间戳
    var date = new Date().getTime();

    img.src = "/day08/checkCodeServlet?" + date;
    }
    }




    </script>
    </head>
    <body>

    <img id="checkCode" src="/day08/checkCodeServlet" />

    <a id="change" href="#">看不清换一张?</a>

    </body>
    </html>
  • 点击启动Tomcae服务器
    image

  • 在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080/regist.html即可

三、效果展示

image