一、实现原理
1、验证码的本质以及简单分解
2、用到的Java技术
- servlet
3、步骤
- 创建一个对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
- 美化图片
- 填充背景色
- 画边框
- 生成随机角标
- 画干扰线
- 将图片输出到页面展示
二、具体实现
打开IDEA,新建一个Java_EE项目,选择Java_EE 7
在src目录下创建包和checkCodeServlet.java文件
在web目录下创建regist.html
复制如下代码到checkCodeServlet.java中
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66package com.allen.web.servlet;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
int width = 100;
int height = 50;
//1、创建一个对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//2、美化图片
//2.1、填充背景色
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//画笔对象
g.setColor(Color.PINK);//设置画笔颜色
g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
//2.2、画边框
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
String str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
//生成随机角标
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
int index = random.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
//2.3、写验证码
g.drawString(ch+"",width/5*i,height/2);
}
//2.4、画干扰线
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
//随机生成坐标点
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int x1 = random.nextInt(width);
int x2 = random.nextInt(width);
int y1 = random.nextInt(height);
int y2 = random.nextInt(height);
g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
//3、将图片输出到页面展示
ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}复制如下代码到regist.html中
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45<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<script>
/**
* 分析:
* 点击超链接或者图片,需要换一张
* 1、给超链接和图片绑定单击事件
*
* 2、重新设置图片的src属性值
*/
window.onload = function () {
//1、获取图片对象
var img = document.getElementById("checkCode");
img.onclick = function () {
//加时间戳
var date = new Date().getTime();
img.src = "/day08/checkCodeServlet?" + date;
}
//2、获取超链接对象
document.getElementById("change").onclick = function () {
//加时间戳
var date = new Date().getTime();
img.src = "/day08/checkCodeServlet?" + date;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<img id="checkCode" src="/day08/checkCodeServlet" />
<a id="change" href="#">看不清换一张?</a>
</body>
</html>点击启动Tomcae服务器