一、Bootstrap
1. 概念
一个前端开发的框架,Bootstrap,来自 Twitter,是目前很受欢迎的前端框架。Bootstrap 是基于 HTML、CSS、JavaScript 的,它简洁灵活,使得 Web 开发更加快捷。
- 框架:一个半成品软件,开发人员可以在框架基础上,再进行开发,简化编码。
- 好处:
- 定义了很多的css样式和js插件。我们开发人员直接可以使用这些样式和插件得到丰富的页面效果。
- 响应式布局。
2. 快速入门
- 下载Bootstrap
- 在项目中将这三个文件夹复制
- 创建html页面,引入必要的资源文件
- 模板代码:
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| <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! --> <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title>
<!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery,所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <h1>你好,世界!</h1>
</body> </html>
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二、响应式布局
同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备。
三、CSS样式和JS插件
1. 全局CSS样式:
- 按钮:
class="btn btn-default
“
- 图片:
class="img-responsive"
:图片在任意尺寸都占100%
- 图片形状
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-rounded">
:方形
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-circle">
: 圆形
<img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail">
:相框
- 表格
- table
- table-bordered
- table-hover
- 表单
- 给表单项添加:
class="form-control"
2. 组件
示例代码:
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| <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a> </div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <form class="navbar-form navbar-left"> <div class="form-group"> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button> </form> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li class="dropdown"> <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="#">Action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li> <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li> <li role="separator" class="divider"></li> <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav>
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效果图:
示例代码:
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| <nav aria-label="Page navigation"> <ul class="pagination"> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Previous"> <span aria-hidden="true">«</span> </a> </li> <li><a href="#">1</a></li> <li><a href="#">2</a></li> <li><a href="#">3</a></li> <li><a href="#">4</a></li> <li><a href="#">5</a></li> <li> <a href="#" aria-label="Next"> <span aria-hidden="true">»</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>
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效果图:
3. 插件
示例代码:
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| <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! --> <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title>
<!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery,所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol>
<!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="..."> </div>
</div>
<!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div>
</body> </html>
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效果图:
三、案例
代码如下:
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| <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! --> <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title>
<!-- Bootstrap --> <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery,所以必须放在前边) --> <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 --> <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <style> .paddtop{ padding-top: 10px; } .search-btn{ float: left; border:1px solid #ffc900; width: 90px; height: 35px; background-color:#ffc900 ; text-align: center; line-height: 35px; margin-top: 15px; }
.search-input{ float: left; border:2px solid #ffc900; width: 400px; height: 35px; padding-left: 5px; margin-top: 15px; } .jx{ border-bottom: 2px solid #ffc900; padding: 5px; } .company{ height: 40px; background-color: #ffc900; text-align: center; line-height:40px ; font-size: 8px; } </style> </head> <body>
<!-- 1.页眉部分--> <header class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <img src="img/top_banner.jpg" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-3"> <img src="img/logo.jpg" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="col-md-5"> <input class="search-input" placeholder="请输入线路名称"> <a class="search-btn" href="#">搜索</a> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <img src="img/hotel_tel.png" class="img-responsive"> </div>
</div> <!--导航栏--> <div class="row"> <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display --> <div class="navbar-header"> <!-- 定义汉堡按钮 --> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a> </div>
<!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling --> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li> <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
</ul> </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse --> </div><!-- /.container-fluid --> </nav>
</div>
<!--轮播图--> <div class="row"> <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel"> <!-- Indicators --> <ol class="carousel-indicators"> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li> <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li> </ol>
<!-- Wrapper for slides --> <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox"> <div class="item active"> <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="..."> </div> <div class="item"> <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="..."> </div>
</div>
<!-- Controls --> <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Previous</span> </a> <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span class="sr-only">Next</span> </a> </div>
</div>
</header> <!-- 2.主体部分--> <div class="container"> <div class="row jx"> <img src="img/icon_5.jpg"> <span>黑马精选</span> </div>
<div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div>
</div> <div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3">
<div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div>
</div> <div class="row jx"> <img src="img/icon_6.jpg"> <span>国内游</span> </div> <div class="row paddtop"> <div class="col-md-4"> <img src="img/guonei_1.jpg"> </div> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div>
</div> <div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div>
</div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div>
</div> <div class="col-md-4">
<div class="thumbnail"> <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt=""> <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p> <font color="red">¥ 699</font> </div> </div>
</div>
</div>
</div> </div> <!-- 3.页脚部分--> <footer class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <img src="img/footer_service.png" class="img-responsive"> </div> <div class="row company"> 江苏传智播客教育科技股份有限公司 版权所有Copyright 2006-2018, All Rights Reserved 苏ICP备16007882 </div>
</footer>
</body> </html>
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效果展示:
Author:
Allen Xue
License:
Copyright (c) 2019 CC-BY-NC-4.0 LICENSE
Slogan:
To be or not to be,that is a question.